• History of massage in the world and in Lithuania

  Filed under Massage History
  September 22

  Massage dates back to ancient deep. More detailed knowledge about the application of massage in ancient times have survived to our time in literary sources.

  The last two decades, data showed that massage of ancient China is already known 2500 years before our era.

  The earliest Chinese book - manu script, which dates back to 2698, the BC "kong-fu" ("Human Art") is not only a detailed description of massage techniques, but also attempts to reveal their therapeutic effect, in which case better for superficial stroking, what - deep, or extrusion. Subsequently, written in a manuscript, "No-Czin" ("The Book of the inner man") contain the disease, which involves not only medical therapy, but may also massage.

  The sixth century Ave. Me in China for the first time in the world was created in the state institute, where students were taught to massage as a compulsory subject.
  In ancient China there were a number of provincial medical-school gym, which was prepared by special taosse doctors practicing acupuncture, massage and therapeutic exercise.

  The sixteenth century China has been published in 64 volumes of Encyclopedia, which has details of all massage techniques are applied so far.

  India has 1800 years BC. Me, medical treatises, which have a common name .. Ayurveda ("knowledge of life"), a detailed description of massage techniques and the technical options for different parts of the body massage. Away from India has been known and recognized by Susruta (pioneer vessel surgery) works, which told in detail how to apply the deletion pressure, giving the massage techniques pa ¬ pupils suffering from various diseases. In India massage has been applied in all cases of life: ill. snake bites, tired after injuries (contusions, sprains, dislocations and fractures).

  Extraordinary interest in massage and India are now. It is scientifically valid and applicable as a method of treatment in hospitals, as a hygienic measure of household, as well as sports and who practices yoga.

  Massage has been known in Korea. In Japan. In Japan it was used as savimasažu head and neck, especially when the head aches.
  Massage has been known in Egypt before our era. It is confirmed by various massage techniques papyrus representation on the bas-relief, decorated Pharaoh's palace.
  In 1841 excavation of ancient Egypt, a military commander's grave was found in the papyrus, which is described in the calf and foot massage. At the time it was already known double massage (one massage for two), and is now practiced in some countries, including the Commonwealth of Independent States in sports practice.
  Greece, the term "apaterapija was with ¬ prantami therapeutic, sports massage and hygienic. Massage was one of the then medical items. The first massage was a scholar of Herodotus (484-425 BC.), Which is itself constantly masažuodavosi and was a great physical build. It is one of the first attempted to clarify the effect of massage therapy in various diseases. Particularly significant contribution to the formation of medical massage "father" Hippocrates (459-377 BC.). His phrase "the doctor must have a number of areas, including massage, experience" - is widely known. It is a massage as a treatment method, pioneered in Europe. Collection of works of Hippocrates (Hippocratic Code ") to describe various massage techniques, their application in the treatment of stimulating the vital body functions. The ancient Greeks, much attention has paid to the hygienic and cosmetic massage, and even had them for a special showrooms. Baths were very popular with massage was a necessary procedure to erase his body in various fragrant oils. On Greek vases are preserved paintings depicting the human body care and massage.
  Ancient Roman doctors took a lot of ancient Greece, India, and China. Of Egypt. The ancient Roman physician Eusklepijus (a Greek who lived from 128 to 56 BC.) Allocation of the massage to: 1) dry, 2) with oils: 3) weak: 4) severe: 5) short-term and 6) long-term. He preached non-drug therapy, and natural means, such as gymnastics, massages, water treatments. By the way. massage and active and passive exercise, obesity is treated.

  Galen (130-200 AD) - one of the first physiologists, a pioneer of experimental medicine. He carefully studied the massage techniques described by stroking, grating, maigymo methodology. Galen allocation of massage in the eastern and western. Each of them has its own characteristics, objectives and methodology. Being a gladiator school doctor, he resorted to a massage since. his view, this is a valuable tool in the treatment of injuries, especially in combination with water treatment.

  The ancient Roman writer Plutarch wrote that the Emperor Julius Caesar forced a slave to a massage. the total disappearance of neuralgia. In ancient Rome, a massage performed even in the army.

  After the fall of the Roman Empire, massage, wellness and treatment as a means of long-vanished life of the peoples of Europe. It is encouraged and medieval Christianity, announced that mortal sin is to take care of your body health and beauty. At the same time massage flourished in countries where Christianity has touched - the Central Asia, Arab countries and others.

  The ancient philosopher and physician Avicenna (Abu Ali Ibn Sina 980-1037) Working, which was popular in Central Asia, Iran developed a number of provisions on how to maintain your body, use of water treatments, massages. One treatment in the canon of art "section, he writes that massage has to be moderate in quality and quantity. Avicenna allocation of massage in a strong, whose goal is to tone up, weak - a relaxing, medium, allowing to maintain good physical shape and lasting for suliesėjimui. In addition, he spent the pre-exercise massage before and after the remedial or soothing them. These dates in sports practice has remained to this day, and his ideas at that time was known in Russia, Turkey and the Caucasus.

  Minor and Central Asia, apply massage was very different from the classical Greek and Roman massage. It was not the only hands but also feet.
  Eighteenth-century Massage history associated with such names as Mr. Hoffman said. A. Fullerene-ris, F. Andre and others. German scientist P. Hoffman recommends full body massage especially for those who do not exercise enough. K. Tiso in his book "Medical and Surgical Gymnastics" refers to massage and exercise influence on surgical treatment of diseases.
  Swedish massage techniques codified fizkultūrininkas P. Ling (1776-1839). His massage technique is known as the Swedish massage. After this massage developed by J. Make a (1839-1901) who lived in Amsterdam. He pointed to indications of massage, and first began teaching massage at the doctors and nurses. Still a lot of famous doctors, for example, T. Bilrotas, F. Esmarchas and others studied the effect of the massage the human body. Already at that time, it was found that massage therapy works and locally and reflexively. Massage has helped to spread the Russian doctor L. Zabludovskis (1882), who worked in Prussia, in Berlin, founded the first public school of massage. Special massage techniques have been introduced after H. Hedda (1889) found that the internal organ disease causes skin lesions, and J. Mackenzie (J. Mackenzie) (1917) reported increased muscle tone and sensitivity to the appearance.

  Formed a "classic massage" concept. It - all the massage techniques that were used to new ways - segmental reflex, connective tissue, periostalinio, spot - Installation of the practice.

  Notable Russian doctor D. Turbot. which in 1888 Founded in St. Petersburg special gynecological massage courses, doctor K. Schulz (1891), who wrote the thesis "Massage is the treatment of fractures, doctors E. Zalesova. K. Solovyev, V. Kramarenko, who founded a massage course in St. Petersburg, Moscow and Kiev.

  Reflex-segmental massage appeared in the twentieth century. The authors mention A. Sčerbakas, F. Lange, O. Gleszer and V. Dalicho. Russian massage effect in the treatment of various diseases studied and described by A. Verbovas, A. Tour, V. Moshkow, V. Kuničevas, L. Komarova, K. Ananjeva, O. Kuznetsov, N. Belaya, K. Zavadina and others.

  Pre-war independent Lithuania in 1921 21 February opened the first massage courses. Their leader was the V. Kuzma. Nine sisters, three hot merciful ¬ TUS during the week studied massage theory and practice (the journal Medicine, 1921). An article "On the physical therapy and will ¬ cal distribution universities. Lectured by prof. dr. J. Bagdonas. This article states that Lithuania physiotherapy read at the 5th semester of the University as part of general therapy, the course is only theoretical, mandatory assessment test. Prof. dr. J. Bagdonas' opinion, is the lack of application of these methods (the journal Medicine, 1935). Dr. O. Pudymaitis also wrote about the massage. In his opinion, the best massage by a physician. However, the authors agree that massage can, and younger staff, but only under medical supervision. In his article, Dr.. O. Pudymaitis briefly describe the type of massage, their effects on the body, the methodology, indications and contraindications. This was an example of "generalized therapy" (magazine "Medicine", 1939).

  In 1937, was set up special courses to train medical gymnastics and massage professionals.

  Pre-war independent Lithuania, massage therapy has been applied in public and private medical institutions, as well as the physical preparation of athletes.

  After the Second World War, Lithuania was again set up a massage courses for nurses. The first courses in Druskininkai, led by K. Dineika. Subsequently launched courses in Vilnius, Palanga. Kaunas.

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